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/*
* This file is part of the flashrom project.
*
* Copyright (C) 2018 Miklós Márton martonmiklosqdev@gmail.com
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
*/
#include <ctype.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ni845x.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "flash.h"
#include "programmer.h"
#include "spi.h"
#define NI845x_FIND_DEVICE_NO_DEVICE_FOUND -301701
enum USB845x_type {
USB8451 = 0x7166,
USB8452 = 0x7514,
Unknown_NI845X_Device
};
enum voltage_coerce_mode {
USE_LOWER,
USE_HIGHER
};
static const struct spi_master spi_programmer_ni845x;
static unsigned char CS_number; // use chip select 0 as default
static enum USB845x_type device_pid = Unknown_NI845X_Device;
static uInt32 device_handle;
static NiHandle configuration_handle;
static uint16_t io_voltage_in_mV;
static bool ignore_io_voltage_limits;
static int ni845x_spi_shutdown(void *data);
static int32 ni845x_spi_open_resource(char *resource_handle, uInt32 *opened_handle);
static void ni845x_spi_print_available_devices(void);
// USB-8452 supported voltages, keep this array in ascending order!
static const uint8_t usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[5] = {
kNi845x12Volts,
kNi845x15Volts,
kNi845x18Volts,
kNi845x25Volts,
kNi845x33Volts
};
/* Copied from dediprog.c */
/* Might be useful for other USB devices as well. static for now. */
static int parse_voltage(char *voltage)
{
char *tmp = NULL;
int i;
int millivolt = 0, fraction = 0;
if (!voltage || !strlen(voltage)) {
msg_perr("Empty voltage= specified.\n");
return -1;
}
millivolt = (int)strtol(voltage, &tmp, 0);
voltage = tmp;
/* Handle "," and "." as decimal point. Everything after it is assumed
* to be in decimal notation.
*/
if ((*voltage == '.') || (*voltage == ',')) {
voltage++;
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
fraction *= 10;
/* Don't advance if the current character is invalid,
* but continue multiplying.
*/
if ((*voltage < '0') || (*voltage > '9'))
continue;
fraction += *voltage - '0';
voltage++;
}
/* Throw away remaining digits. */
voltage += strspn(voltage, "0123456789");
}
/* The remaining string must be empty or "mV" or "V". */
tolower_string(voltage);
/* No unit or "V". */
if ((*voltage == '\0') || !strncmp(voltage, "v", 1)) {
millivolt *= 1000;
millivolt += fraction;
} else if (!strncmp(voltage, "mv", 2) || !strncmp(voltage, "millivolt", 9)) {
/* No adjustment. fraction is discarded. */
} else {
/* Garbage at the end of the string. */
msg_perr("Garbage voltage= specified.\n");
return -1;
}
return millivolt;
}
static void ni845x_report_error(const char *const func, const int32 err)
{
static char buf[1024];
ni845xStatusToString(err, sizeof(buf), buf);
msg_perr("%s failed with: %s (%d)\n", func, buf, (int)err);
}
static void ni845x_report_warning(const char *const func, const int32 err)
{
static char buf[1024];
ni845xStatusToString(err, sizeof(buf), buf);
msg_pwarn("%s failed with: %s (%d)\n", func, buf, (int)err);
}
/**
* @param serial a null terminated string containing the serial number of the specific device or NULL
* @return the 0 on successful completion, negative error code on failure
*/
static int ni845x_spi_open(const char *serial, uInt32 *return_handle)
{
char resource_name[256];
NiHandle device_find_handle;
uInt32 found_devices_count = 0;
int32 tmp = 0;
unsigned int vid, pid, usb_bus;
unsigned long int serial_as_number;
int ret = -1;
tmp = ni845xFindDevice(resource_name, &device_find_handle, &found_devices_count);
if (tmp != 0) {
// suppress warning if no device found
if (tmp != NI845x_FIND_DEVICE_NO_DEVICE_FOUND)
ni845x_report_error("ni845xFindDevice", tmp);
return -1;
}
for (; found_devices_count; --found_devices_count) {
// Read the serial number and the PID here
// VISA resource name format example:
// USB0::0x3923::0x7514::DEADBEEF::RAW
// where the 0x7514 is the PID
// and the DEADBEEF is the serial of the device
if (sscanf(resource_name,
"USB%u::0x%04X::0x%04X::%08lX::RAW",
&usb_bus, &vid, &pid, &serial_as_number) != 4) {
// malformed resource string detected
msg_pwarn("Warning: Unable to parse the %s NI-845x resource string.\n",
resource_name);
msg_pwarn("Please report a bug at flashprog@flashprog.org\n");
continue;
}
device_pid = pid;
if (!serial || strtol(serial, NULL, 16) == serial_as_number)
break;
if (found_devices_count > 1) {
tmp = ni845xFindDeviceNext(device_find_handle, resource_name);
if (tmp) {
ni845x_report_error("ni845xFindDeviceNext", tmp);
goto _close_ret;
}
}
}
if (found_devices_count)
ret = ni845x_spi_open_resource(resource_name, return_handle);
_close_ret:
tmp = ni845xCloseFindDeviceHandle(device_find_handle);
if (tmp) {
ni845x_report_error("ni845xCloseFindDeviceHandle", tmp);
return -1;
}
return ret;
}
/**
* @brief ni845x_spi_open_resource
* @param resource_handle the resource handle returned by the ni845xFindDevice or ni845xFindDeviceNext
* @param opened_handle the opened handle from the ni845xOpen
* @return the 0 on successful competition, negative error code on failure positive code on warning
*/
static int32 ni845x_spi_open_resource(char *resource_handle, uInt32 *opened_handle)
{
// NI-845x driver loads the FPGA bitfile at the first time
// which can take couple seconds
if (device_pid == USB8452)
msg_pwarn("Opening NI-8452, this might take a while for the first time\n");
int32 tmp = ni845xOpen(resource_handle, opened_handle);
if (tmp < 0)
ni845x_report_error("ni845xOpen", tmp);
else if (tmp > 0)
ni845x_report_warning("ni845xOpen", tmp);
return tmp;
}
/**
* @brief usb8452_spi_set_io_voltage sets the IO voltage for the USB-8452 devices
* @param requested_io_voltage_mV the desired IO voltage in mVolts
* @param set_io_voltage_mV the IO voltage which was set in mVolts
* @param coerce_mode if set to USE_LOWER the closest supported IO voltage which is lower or equal to
* the requested_io_voltage_mV will be selected. Otherwise the next closest supported voltage will be chosen
* which is higher or equal to the requested_io_voltage_mV.
* @return 0 on success, negative on error, positive on warning
*/
static int usb8452_spi_set_io_voltage(uint16_t requested_io_voltage_mV,
uint16_t *set_io_voltage_mV,
enum voltage_coerce_mode coerce_mode)
{
int i = 0;
uint8_t selected_voltage_100mV = 0;
uint8_t requested_io_voltage_100mV = 0;
if (device_pid == USB8451) {
io_voltage_in_mV = 3300;
msg_pwarn("USB-8451 does not support the changing of the SPI IO voltage\n");
return 0;
}
// limit the IO voltage to 3.3V
if (requested_io_voltage_mV > 3300) {
msg_pinfo("USB-8452 maximum IO voltage is 3.3V\n");
return -1;
}
requested_io_voltage_100mV = (requested_io_voltage_mV / 100.0f);
// usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV contains the supported voltage levels in increasing order
for (i = (ARRAY_SIZE(usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV) - 1); i > 0; --i) {
if (requested_io_voltage_100mV >= usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[i])
break;
}
if (coerce_mode == USE_LOWER) {
if (requested_io_voltage_100mV < usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[0]) {
msg_perr("Unable to set the USB-8452 IO voltage below %.1fV "
"(the minimum supported IO voltage is %.1fV)\n",
(float)requested_io_voltage_100mV / 10.0f,
(float)usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[0] / 10.0f);
return -1;
}
selected_voltage_100mV = usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[i];
} else {
if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV) - 1)
selected_voltage_100mV = usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[i];
else
selected_voltage_100mV = usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[i + 1];
}
if (requested_io_voltage_100mV < usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[0]) {
/* unsupported / would have to round up */
msg_pwarn("The USB-8452 does not support the %.1fV IO voltage\n",
requested_io_voltage_mV / 1000.0f);
selected_voltage_100mV = kNi845x12Volts;
msg_pwarn("The output voltage is set to 1.2V (this is the lowest voltage)\n");
msg_pwarn("Supported IO voltages:\n");
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV); i++) {
msg_pwarn("%.1fV", (float)usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV[i] / 10.0f);
if (i != ARRAY_SIZE(usb8452_io_voltages_in_100mV) - 1)
msg_pwarn(", ");
}
msg_pwarn("\n");
} else if (selected_voltage_100mV != requested_io_voltage_100mV) {
/* we rounded down/up */
msg_pwarn("USB-8452 IO voltage forced to: %.1f V\n",
(float)selected_voltage_100mV / 10.0f);
} else {
/* exact match */
msg_pinfo("USB-8452 IO voltage set to: %.1f V\n",
(float)selected_voltage_100mV / 10.0f);
}
if (set_io_voltage_mV)
*set_io_voltage_mV = (selected_voltage_100mV * 100);
i = ni845xSetIoVoltageLevel(device_handle, selected_voltage_100mV);
if (i != 0) {
ni845x_report_error("ni845xSetIoVoltageLevel", i);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/**
* @brief ni845x_spi_set_speed sets the SPI SCK speed
* @param SCK_freq_in_KHz SCK speed in KHz
* @return
*/
static int ni845x_spi_set_speed(uint16_t SCK_freq_in_KHz)
{
int32 i = ni845xSpiConfigurationSetClockRate(configuration_handle, SCK_freq_in_KHz);
uInt16 clock_freq_read_KHz;
if (i != 0) {
ni845x_report_error("ni845xSpiConfigurationSetClockRate", i);
return -1;
}
// read back the clock frequency and notify the user if it is not the same as it was requested
i = ni845xSpiConfigurationGetClockRate(configuration_handle, &clock_freq_read_KHz);
if (i != 0) {
ni845x_report_error("ni845xSpiConfigurationGetClockRate", i);
return -1;
}
if (clock_freq_read_KHz != SCK_freq_in_KHz) {
msg_pinfo("SPI clock frequency forced to: %d KHz (requested: %d KHz)\n",
(int)clock_freq_read_KHz, (int)SCK_freq_in_KHz);
} else {
msg_pinfo("SPI clock frequency set to: %d KHz\n", (int)SCK_freq_in_KHz);
}
return 0;
}
/**
* @brief ni845x_spi_print_available_devices prints a list of the available devices
*/
static void ni845x_spi_print_available_devices(void)
{
char resource_handle[256], device_type_string[16];
NiHandle device_find_handle;
uInt32 found_devices_count = 0;
int32 tmp = 0;
unsigned int pid, vid, usb_bus;
unsigned long int serial_as_number;
tmp = ni845xFindDevice(resource_handle, &device_find_handle, &found_devices_count);
if (tmp != 0) {
// suppress warning if no device found
if (tmp != NI845x_FIND_DEVICE_NO_DEVICE_FOUND)
ni845x_report_error("ni845xFindDevice", tmp);
return;
}
if (found_devices_count) {
msg_pinfo("Available devices:\n");
do {
tmp = sscanf(resource_handle, "USB%d::0x%04X::0x%04X::%08lX::RAW",
&usb_bus, &vid, &pid, &serial_as_number);
if (tmp == 4) {
switch (pid) {
case USB8451:
snprintf(device_type_string,
ARRAY_SIZE(device_type_string), "USB-8451");
break;
case USB8452:
snprintf(device_type_string,
ARRAY_SIZE(device_type_string), "USB-8452");
break;
default:
snprintf(device_type_string,
ARRAY_SIZE(device_type_string), "Unknown device");
break;
}
msg_pinfo("- %lX (%s)\n", serial_as_number, device_type_string);
found_devices_count--;
if (found_devices_count) {
tmp = ni845xFindDeviceNext(device_find_handle, resource_handle);
if (tmp)
ni845x_report_error("ni845xFindDeviceNext", tmp);
}
}
} while (found_devices_count);
}
tmp = ni845xCloseFindDeviceHandle(device_find_handle);
if (tmp)
ni845x_report_error("ni845xCloseFindDeviceHandle", tmp);
}
int ni845x_spi_init(struct flashprog_programmer *const prog)
{
char *speed_str = NULL;
char *CS_str = NULL;
char *voltage = NULL;
char *endptr = NULL;
int requested_io_voltage_mV = 1200; // default the IO voltage to 1.2V
int spi_speed_KHz = 1000; // selecting 1 MHz SCK is a good bet
char *serial_number = NULL; // by default open the first connected device
char *ignore_io_voltage_limits_str = NULL;
int32 tmp = 0;
// read the cs parameter (which Chip select should we use)
CS_str = extract_programmer_param("cs");
if (CS_str) {
CS_number = CS_str[0] - '0';
free(CS_str);
if (strlen(CS_str) > 1 || CS_number < 0 || 7 < CS_number) {
msg_perr("Only CS 0-7 supported\n");
return 1;
}
}
voltage = extract_programmer_param("voltage");
if (voltage != NULL) {
requested_io_voltage_mV = parse_voltage(voltage);
free(voltage);
if (requested_io_voltage_mV < 0)
return 1;
}
serial_number = extract_programmer_param("serial");
speed_str = extract_programmer_param("spispeed");
if (speed_str) {
spi_speed_KHz = strtoul(speed_str, &endptr, 0);
if (*endptr) {
msg_perr("The spispeed parameter passed with invalid format: %s\n",
speed_str);
msg_perr("Please pass the parameter with a simple number in kHz\n");
return 1;
}
free(speed_str);
}
ignore_io_voltage_limits = false;
ignore_io_voltage_limits_str = extract_programmer_param("ignore_io_voltage_limits");
if (ignore_io_voltage_limits_str
&& strcmp(ignore_io_voltage_limits_str, "yes") == 0) {
ignore_io_voltage_limits = true;
}
if (ni845x_spi_open(serial_number, &device_handle)) {
if (serial_number) {
msg_pinfo("Could not find any connected NI USB-8451/8452 with serialnumber: %s!\n",
serial_number);
ni845x_spi_print_available_devices();
msg_pinfo("Check the S/N field on the bottom of the device,\n"
"or use 'lsusb -v -d 3923:7166 | grep Serial' for USB-8451\n"
"or 'lsusb -v -d 3923:7514 | grep Serial' for USB-8452\n");
free(serial_number);
} else {
msg_pinfo("Could not find any connected NI USB-845x device!\n");
}
return 1;
}
free(serial_number);
// open the SPI config handle
tmp = ni845xSpiConfigurationOpen(&configuration_handle);
if (tmp != 0) {
ni845x_report_error("ni845xSpiConfigurationOpen", tmp);
ni845x_spi_shutdown(NULL);
return 1;
}
if (usb8452_spi_set_io_voltage(requested_io_voltage_mV, &io_voltage_in_mV, USE_LOWER) < 0) {
ni845x_spi_shutdown(NULL);
return 1; // no alert here usb8452_spi_set_io_voltage already printed that
}
if (ni845x_spi_set_speed(spi_speed_KHz)) {
msg_perr("Unable to set SPI speed\n");
ni845x_spi_shutdown(NULL);
return 1;
}
return register_spi_master(&spi_programmer_ni845x, 0, NULL);
}
static int ni845x_spi_shutdown(void *data)
{
int32 ret = 0;
if (configuration_handle != 0) {
ret = ni845xSpiConfigurationClose(configuration_handle);
if (ret)
ni845x_report_error("ni845xSpiConfigurationClose", ret);
}
if (device_handle != 0) {
ret = ni845xClose(device_handle);
if (ret)
ni845x_report_error("ni845xClose", ret);
}
return 0;
}
static void ni845x_warn_over_max_voltage(const struct flashctx *flash)
{
if (device_pid == USB8451) {
msg_pwarn("The %s chip maximum voltage is %.1fV, while the USB-8451 "
"IO voltage levels are 3.3V.\n"
"Ignoring this because ignore_io_voltage_limits parameter is set.\n",
flash->chip->name,
flash->chip->voltage.max / 1000.0f);
} else if (device_pid == USB8452) {
msg_pwarn("The %s chip maximum voltage is %.1fV, while the USB-8452 "
"IO voltage is set to %.1fV.\n"
"Ignoring this because ignore_io_voltage_limits parameter is set.\n",
flash->chip->name,
flash->chip->voltage.max / 1000.0f,
io_voltage_in_mV / 1000.0f);
}
}
static int ni845x_spi_io_voltage_check(const struct flashctx *flash)
{
static bool first_transmit = true;
if (first_transmit && flash->chip) {
first_transmit = false;
if (io_voltage_in_mV > flash->chip->voltage.max) {
if (ignore_io_voltage_limits) {
ni845x_warn_over_max_voltage(flash);
return 0;
}
if (device_pid == USB8451) {
msg_perr("The %s chip maximum voltage is %.1fV, while the USB-8451 "
"IO voltage levels are 3.3V.\nAborting operations\n",
flash->chip->name,
flash->chip->voltage.max / 1000.0f);
return -1;
} else if (device_pid == USB8452) {
msg_perr("Lowering IO voltage because the %s chip maximum voltage is %.1fV, "
"(%.1fV was set)\n",
flash->chip->name,
flash->chip->voltage.max / 1000.0f,
io_voltage_in_mV / 1000.0f);
if (usb8452_spi_set_io_voltage(flash->chip->voltage.max,
&io_voltage_in_mV,
USE_LOWER)) {
msg_perr("Unable to lower the IO voltage below "
"the chip's maximum voltage\n");
return -1;
}
}
} else if (io_voltage_in_mV < flash->chip->voltage.min) {
if (device_pid == USB8451) {
msg_pwarn("Flash operations might be unreliable, because the %s chip's "
"minimum voltage is %.1fV, while the USB-8451's "
"IO voltage levels are 3.3V.\n",
flash->chip->name,
flash->chip->voltage.min / 1000.0f);
return ignore_io_voltage_limits ? 0 : -1;
} else if (device_pid == USB8452) {
msg_pwarn("Raising the IO voltage because the %s chip's "
"minimum voltage is %.1fV, "
"(%.1fV was set)\n",
flash->chip->name,
flash->chip->voltage.min / 1000.0f,
io_voltage_in_mV / 1000.0f);
if (usb8452_spi_set_io_voltage(flash->chip->voltage.min,
&io_voltage_in_mV,
USE_HIGHER)) {
msg_pwarn("Unable to raise the IO voltage above the chip's "
"minimum voltage\n"
"Flash operations might be unreliable.\n");
return ignore_io_voltage_limits ? 0 : -1;
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
static int ni845x_spi_transmit(const struct flashctx *flash,
unsigned int write_cnt,
unsigned int read_cnt,
const unsigned char *write_arr,
unsigned char *read_arr)
{
uInt32 read_size = 0;
uInt8 *transfer_buffer = NULL;
int32 ret = 0;
if (ni845x_spi_io_voltage_check(flash))
return -1;
transfer_buffer = calloc(write_cnt + read_cnt, sizeof(uInt8));
if (transfer_buffer == NULL) {
msg_gerr("Memory allocation failed!\n");
return -1;
}
memcpy(transfer_buffer, write_arr, write_cnt);
ret = ni845xSpiWriteRead(device_handle,
configuration_handle,
(write_cnt + read_cnt), transfer_buffer, &read_size, transfer_buffer);
if (ret < 0) {
// Negative specifies an error, meaning the function did not perform the expected behavior.
ni845x_report_error("ni845xSpiWriteRead", ret);
free(transfer_buffer);
return -1;
} else if (ret > 0) {
// Positive specifies a warning, meaning the function performed as expected,
// but a condition arose that might require attention.
ni845x_report_warning("ni845xSpiWriteRead", ret);
}
if (read_cnt != 0 && read_arr != NULL) {
if ((read_cnt + write_cnt) != read_size) {
msg_perr("%s: expected and returned read count mismatch: %u expected, %ld received\n",
__func__, read_cnt, read_size);
free(transfer_buffer);
return -1;
}
memcpy(read_arr, &transfer_buffer[write_cnt], read_cnt);
}
free(transfer_buffer);
return 0;
}
static const struct spi_master spi_programmer_ni845x = {
.max_data_read = MAX_DATA_READ_UNLIMITED,
.max_data_write = MAX_DATA_WRITE_UNLIMITED,
.command = ni845x_spi_transmit,
.multicommand = default_spi_send_multicommand,
.read = default_spi_read,
.write_256 = default_spi_write_256,
.shutdown = ni845x_spi_shutdown,
.probe_opcode = default_spi_probe_opcode,
};
const struct programmer_entry programmer_ni845x_spi = {
.name = "ni845x_spi",
.type = OTHER, // choose other because NI-845x uses own USB implementation
.devs.note = "National Instruments USB-845x\n",
.init = ni845x_spi_init,
};